Dicephalospora chiangraiensis
Dicephalospora chiangraiensis K. Phutthacharoen & K.D. Hyde, sp. nov. (Figure 5)
Index Fungorum number:— IF558614, Facesoffungi number:—FOF09715
Etymology:—“chiangraiensis” refers to the locality where the fungus was collected.
Holotype:— MFLU 21-0018
Saprobic on dead stems. Sexual morph: Apothecia 290–850 × 250–500 µm (x = 420 × 360
µm, n = 10), when dry arising solitary or gregarious, scattered on wood, central short stipitate, superficial, orange when fresh, flat cupulate. The stipe is 250–350 µm (x = 300 µm, n = 10). The receptacle is flat. The disc is flat and orange. The margins are orange and smooth. The ectal excipulum is 70–150 µm (x = 80 µm, n = 10), multi-layered, and thinwalled, with hyaline to light yellow cells of textura porrecta, small cells condensed, and small globose at the tips. The medullary excipulum is 30–60 µm (x = 55 µm, n = 10) and multi-layered, with hyaline to light orange cells of textura intricate and small cells condensed. The hymenium is yellow and intensive with asci and paraphyses inside. The paraphyses are 1.5–2.5 µm wide (x = 2 µm, n = 40), thin-walled, numerous, filiform, aseptate, and swollen at the apex. The asci are 90–110 × 5–10 µm (x = 100 × 7.5 µm, n = 20), eightspored, unitunicate, inoperculate, long and cylindrical, and thin-walled, with a tapered long stipitate base, blunt apices, and an apical apparatus bluing in Melzer’s reagent. Ascospores are 20–25 × 2–4 µm (x = 22 × 3 µm, n = 20), biseriate, hyaline, fusiform, pseudoseptate, and thin-walled, with a non-mucilaginous cap. The details of the material examined are as follows: Thailand, Chiang Rai Province, Wiang Chiang Rung District, on dead stem, 22 August 2018, Kunthida Phuttacharoen, HMS03 (MFLU 21-0018, holotype); ibid., HMS04 (MFLU 21-0019, paratype), ibid., HMS05 (MFLU 21-0020, paratype).
The GenBank accession information is as follows: MFLU 21-0018: LSU-MZ241826, ITS-MZ241817; MFLU 21-0019: LSU-MZ241827, ITS-MZ241818; MFLU 21-0020: LSUMZ241828, ITS-MZ241819.
Notes: Our collection grouped sister to Dicephalospora rufocornea with 71% ML and 0.70 BYPP support (Figure 1). Furthermore, the pairwise homoplasy index (PHI) showed no significant genetic recombination between D. chiangraiensis and its sister taxa D. rufocornea and D. irregularis (Figure 2). Dicephalospora chiangraiensis differs from D. rufocornea in having smaller, orange apothecia (290–850 × 250–500 vs. 500–4000 × 300–3000 µm). The ectal excipulum of D. chiangraiensis is composed of textura porrecta cells, while the cells are textura prismatica to textura epidermoidea in D. rufocornea. Paraphyses of our species were more swollen at the apex than D. rufocornea. Asci (90–110 × 5–10 vs. 135–170 × 10–15 µm) and ascospores (20–25 × 2–4 vs. 20–30 × 4–8 µm) of new species are smaller when compared to D. rufocornea.
Figure. Dicephalospora chiangraiensis (MFLU 21-0018, holotype). (a,b) D. chiangraiensis on the stem;
(c) cross section of the apothecium; (d) close up of the excipulum; (e) margin of the apothecium; (f)
filiform paraphyses; (g) cylindrical asci; (h) apical part of asci in Melzer’s reagent; (i) fusiform ascospores. Scale bars: (a,b) = 500 µm; (c) = 100 µm; (d) = 50 µm; (e–g) = 20 µm; (h,i) = 5 µm
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