Erioscyphella subinsulae
Erioscyphella subinsulae H.L. Su & Q. Zhao
Diagnosis – Its characteristics are yellow hymenium and white receptacle, short, white hairs without apical amorphous or resinous material, and long, filiform ascospores. The macro- and micromorphology is similar to E. insulae but has different colored discs, larger asci and ascospores.
Index Fungorum number: IF 557885; Facesoffungi number: FoF 12852
Etymology – Referring to its similarity with E. insulae.
Holotype – HKAS 124658
Growing on the bark of a living tree. Sexual morph: Apothecia scattered, superficial, 0.5-1.7 mm in diameter, about 0.4-0.8 mm high when dry, discoid to cupulate, shortly stipitate, leathery, externally covered with short, white hairs. Disc concave, surface slightly rough, yellow. Margin flat to slightly involute, white to pale yellow, clothed with white to pale yellow hairs. Receptacle discoid to cupulate, white to pale yellow, clothed with short, white to yellowy hairs entirely. Stipe 0.2-0.3 mm in diameter, 0.1-0.4 mm long when dry, cylindric, solitary, white to pale yellow, clothed with white to yellowy hairs. Hairs 30-80 × 2.0-4.0 µm (x̄ = 52 × 2.9 µm, n = 30), clavate to cylindric, straight to slightly curved, multiseptate, hyaline, thin-walled, covered with hyaline granules, obtuse apex, lacks apical amorphous or resinous material. Hymenium 100–150 µm (x̄ = 120 µm, n = 12), concave, surface slightly rough, light yellowish brown in fresh, yellow in dry. Medullary excipulum 70–180 µm (x̄ = 135 µm, n = 18), thick, hyaline to light brown, thin-walled, smooth cells of textura intricata, 1.5–3.5µm (x̄ = 2.4 µm, n = 50) in diameter. Ectal excipulum 40–80 µm (x̄ = 57 µm, n = 18) thick, thick-walled, smooth, light brown cells of textura prismatica, 4.5–19.0 × 3.0–12.5 µm (x̄ = 9.8 × 6.0 µm, n = 60). Paraphyses 85–130 × 2.0–3.0 µm (x̄ = 100 × 2.4 µm, n = 25), longer than asci, filiform, straight, multiseptate, hyaline, thin-walled, slightly rough, with slightly acute apex. Asci 95–110 × (8.5–) 8.0–10 (–12) µm (x̄ = 100 × 9.3 µm, n = 34), 8-spored, clavate, straight to slightly curved, inoperculate, hyaline, unitunicate, wall apically thickened, laterally relatively thin, slightly rough, with a apical, amyloid pore and tapered ends, croziers absent at the basal septa, blue in MLZ or IKI with and without 3% KOH pretreatment. Ascospores (165/12/3) (43.0–)48.5–74.5(–80.0) × 2.0–3.0 (–3.5) µm, (x̄ = 62.1 × 2.4 µm, Q = 16.6–42.9, Q = 26.34±4.94), fascicled, filiform, 1–3-septate, thin-walled, hyaline, rough with taper, obtuse ends, some hyaline oil guttules, ends with globules, (1.5–)2.0–3.0(–3.5) µm (x = 2.5 µm, n = 115), subspherical, hyaline, slightly rough.
Asexual morph: Unknown.
Material examined – China, Yunnan, Ailao Mountain, alt. 2460 m, on the bark of tree, 30 August 2021, H.L. Su, SHL131 (HKAS 124658, holotype); ibid, alt. 2434 m, on the bark of tree, 1 September 2021, H.L. Su, SHL180 (HKAS 124659, paratype); ibid, alt. 2478 m, on the bark of tree, 29 August 2021, H.L. Su, SHL55 (HKAS 124660, paratype); ibid, alt. 2428 m, on the bark of tree, 2 September 2021, H.L. Su, SHL244 (HKAS 124661, paratype).
Notes – Erioscyphella subinsulae is closely related to E. insulae in having white receptacles with white hairs, and they form sister groups with 100% MLBP and 1.00 BPP in the phylogenetic tree (Fig. 1). Morphologically, E. insulae has cream to pale yellow discs in the dry state, while E. subinsulae has yellow discs. Besides, E. subinsulae has larger asci and ascospores than E. insulae. Furthermore, E. insulae has apical amorphous material, while E. subinsulae lacks it (Table 3). Phylogenetically, E. subinsulae (HKAS 124658) and E. insulae (TNS-F-39720) differ by 132 base pairs (including 40 gaps) in the LSU region (969/1101, 88.01%), 32 base pairs (including 2 gaps) in the ITS region (468/500, 93.60%), 21 base pairs in the mtSSU region (913/934, 97.75%) and 77 base pairs in the RPB2 region (691/768, 89.97%).
Erioscyphella subinsulae (HKAS 124658, holotype). a Habitat. b, c Fresh apothecia on host surface. d, e Dried apothecia. f Vertical section of an apothecium. g Section of the excipulum. h Hairs. i Paraphyses. j, k Asci. l Apexes of asci in MLZ. m Base of an ascus. n Ascospores. Scale bars: b = 5 cm, c = 1 cm, d = 2 mm, e = 1 mm, f = 200 µm, g = 50 µm, h = 20 µm, i–k = 50 µm, l–m = 10 µm, n = 20 µm.
Key to the species of Erioscyphella
1. Ectal excipular cells have granulate walls…………………..……..…....….……… E. boninensis
1. Ectal excipular cells have smooth walls………………………..……..….…….…………..……2
2. Hairs have papillate apices…………………………………………..………………E. papillaris
2. Hairs lack papillate apices…………………………………….……..……..….….…….….……3
3. Apothecia have red hairs……………………………………………..……..….….……….……4
3. Apothecial hairs are not red…………………………………………..……..……….…….……5
4. Ascospores have some red guttules………………………..……..………..…E. paralushanensis
4. Ascospores have no red guttules…………………………..……..………….….… E. lushanensis
5. Host is palm………………………………………………..……..……….…..………E. euterpes
5. Host is not palm……………………………………………..……..…….………………………6
6. Host is bamboo………………………………………………..……..……….……………….…7
6. Host is not bamboo………………………………………………..……..………….……..….…8
7. Apothecia are on the leaves of bamboo…………………………..……..……...….…… E. otanii
7. Apothecia are not on the leaves of bamboo…………………………..……..…….….….………9
8. Apothecia are on the damp dead needles of pine tree……………..……..…………….….……11
8. Host is not pine…………………………………………………..……..……………..…..……12
9. Apothecia are on the fallen sheaths of bamboo…………………..……...…..…E. sasibrevispora
9. Apothecia are on the culm of bamboo……………………………..……..…………….………10
10. Apothecia are light brown……………………………………..……..…..…….…E. bambusina
10. Apothecia are grey……………………………….………..……..….….…E. griseibambusicola
11. Ascospores are shorter than 12 µm…………………………..……..……..………E. curvispora
11. Ascospores are longer than 12 µm…………………………..……..………..…..…..…E. lunata
12. Apothecia are on the leaves of tree…………………………..……..………….….…………..13
12. Apothecia are on the wood of tree……………………………..……..…….……………....…14
13. Ascospores are shorter than 20 µm………………….……..……..………..….…E. hainanensis
13. Ascospores are longer than 20 µm…………………………..……..……….………..E. sinensis
14. Ascospores are shorter than 15 µm……………………………..……..………….…...…E. alba
14. Ascospores are longer than 15 µm………………………………..……..……….…...………15
15. Apothecia have brown hairs……………………………………..……..………….….………16
15. Apothecia have white to yellowish hairs………………………..……..………….……..……17
16. Ascospores are shorter than 40 µm……………………………..……..…………..…E. sclerotii
16. Ascospores are longer than 40 µm………………………………..……..……….…E. abnormis
17. Asci are shorter than 50 µm………………………………………..……..………...E. fusiforme
17. Asci are longer than 50 µm………………………………………..……..…………..……..…18
18. Most ascospores are aseptate……………………………………..……..………...……….….19
18. Most ascospores are septate……………………………………..……..…………….…….…20
19. Asci lack croziers………………………………….………..…..……..…….……E. brasiliensis
19. Asci have croziers………………………………………………..……..……...….…E. aseptata
20. Ascospores are shorter than 40 µm………………………………..……..……….…...………21
20. Ascospores are longer than 40 µm………………………..………..……..…..……E. subinsulae
21. Ascospores are narrower than 4 µm………………………………..……..…….....….E. insulae
21. Ascospores are wider than 4 µm…………………………………..……..….………E. latispora
References:
Su HL, Chethana KWT, Zeng M, Zhao Q 2023 – Two new species of Erioscyphella (Lachnaceae) from southwestern China. Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology (Journal of Fungal Biology) 13(1), 16–33, Doi 10.5943/cream/13/1/2
Recent Genus
RutstroemiaXeropilidium
Ionomidotis
Recent Species
Encoelia furfuraceaRutstroemia tiliacea
Xeropilidium dennisii